Advisory

Internal Control System: How to Set Up

ABSTRACT The internal control system is an integral part of the company’s overall operations. Internal control systems play a major role in risk management and the achievement of the company’s goals and objectives. In its implementation, the control system should consider and align with the COSO framework. The implementation of an effective management system should … Read more

内部控制系统:如何建立

摘要 内部控制系统是公司整体运营中重要的一部分,在风险管理以及公司目标的实现方面发挥着重要作用。在实施过程中,内部控制系统需要注意 COSO 框架。要实现有效的内部控制,需从以下几个方面入手:识别过程、评估其关键程度、制定适当的应对措施、沟通、实施,并持续监控控制措施,以确保控制措施的相关性。 国际内部审计师协会(IIA)将内部控制系统定义为管理层、董事会和其他利益相关者为管理风险和提高实现既定目标和目的的可能性而采取的任何行动。管理层负责规划、组织并指导实施适当的行动,以合理保证目标和目的的实现。简而言之,内部控制是在组织内部设立的一种流程,旨在确保其系统安全、可靠,并符合相关法律法规。 特许公认会计师公会(ACCA)解释说,内部控制的实施应帮助组织实现以下目标: 企业运营效率 必须实施控制措施,以确保流程顺畅,运营不受干扰。这将降低组织效率低下的风险和对价值创造的威胁。 资产保护 应实施控制措施,以确保资产用于正当用途,且不易被滥用或盗窃。在实现这一目标时,应采取全面的方法,考虑所有资产,包括有形资产和无形资产。 预防和检测欺诈及其他违法行为 即使是组织结构简单的小型企业也可能成为这些违规行为的受害者。随着组织规模和复杂程度的增加,欺诈行为的性质变得更加多样化,控制措施必须能够解决这些问题。 财务记录的完整性和准确性 如果组织的财务记录不可靠,就无法编制准确的财务报表。系统应能够记录交易,以便所交易业务的性质能在财务报表中正确反映。 及时编制财务报表 组织应能够履行其法律义务,准确并按时提交财务报表。组织还有义务向股东提供有意义的报表。内部控制还可以应用于管理会计流程,这对于有效的战略规划、决策和组织绩效监控是必需的。 内部控制的实施 组织可以实施已有的内部控制框架,例如“美国特雷德韦委员会发起组织委员会(COSO)内部控制框架”,也可以通过以下步骤制定自己的系统和流程: 1. 评估与识别风险 只有明确识别需要减轻的风险后,才能制定有效的控制措施。组织需要仔细审视每个职能部门开展的所有活动,并识别其面临的风险。这些风险应包括所有内部产生的风险,例如订购库存的错误,以及外部风险,例如供应商延迟交货。收集所有风险后,应将风险分类,例如财务风险、运营风险或战略风险。 2. 风险评估与应对 识别出风险后,组织应评估风险的严重性。这包括对风险发生的可能性(发生频率)以及风险发生后的影响(严重性)进行评估。然后,组织需要根据风险的严重性级别来决定如何应对风险。组织可以针对所面临的每个风险采取不同的应对措施: 3. 内部控制的建立 控制措施应直接与风险对应。从严重性最高到最低的风险,组织需要确保在前一阶段识别的每项风险都有相应的控制措施加以缓解。然后应将这些控制措施转化为在组织内部实施的标准化程序。控制措施应全面,也要足够清晰,以便执行相关活动的人员能够有效实施。 4. 控制措施的沟通与实施 内部控制只有在员工遵循的情况下才能实现其目标。组织的高层管理人员需要传达实施控制措施的重要性,并确保新的控制措施不是仅仅增加了员工的工作负担,而是让员工也能从遵循控制程序中获益,例如更高效的工作流程和降低组织内盗窃的风险。建立内部控制,特别是在实施的早期阶段,应具有适应性。组织应考虑直接用户的意见并共同讨论,以确保程序顺畅运行,同时能缓解控制措施旨在应对的风险。 5. 持续监控控制措施 组织的环境在不断演变,其面临的风险也在不断发展。即使已经实施了有效的内部控制,管理层也应持续重新评估和审查风险及控制措施,以确保相关措施仍然足以缓解新出现的风险或符合新的法规要求。 专业商业顾问可以凭借其经验帮助客户绘制内部控制系统蓝图,为客户提供参考。专业服务包括制定标准操作程序(SOP)并协助实施。

IPO Readiness: Underwriter Support

The role of the securities underwriter in the Initial Public Offering (IPO) process is crucial. The underwriter’s role spans the Pre-IPO, IPO Execution, and Post-IPO stages. During the Pre-IPO stage, the underwriter supports the company in devising an IPO strategy and conducting due diligence to ensure the prospective issuer’s compliance with IPO-related aspects. An IPO … Read more

Unifying Synergies: The Triumph of Goodwill in Business Combinations

goodwill

Business combinations often become corporate actions carried out by companies in maintaining business continuity. Business combinations that can be carried out are in the form of mergers, acquisitions, or consolidations. Merger means maintaining the existence of one entity and dissolving other entities. Acquisition means taking ownership of an entity and maintaining the operations of both … Read more

Thriving Foreign Direct Investment Spurs Indonesian Property Market Growth

The head of the Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal (BKPM), Bahlil Lahadalia, revealed that his party is working day and night to pursue an investment of IDR 900 trillion in 2021. As a result, the capital inflow to Indonesia is getting better. “Our foreign direct investment (FDI) has started to getting better when other countries’ FDI … Read more

Streamlining Business Establishment in Indonesia: A Guide to Success

The Indonesian government has made efforts to increase the “Ease of Doing Business” in Indonesia by issuing the Job Creation Law. The Job Creation Law simplifies more than 80 laws and 1,200 related articles to only 174 articles. The purpose of the enactment of the Job Creation Law is to improve Indonesia’s position in terms … Read more

Empower Your Business: A Dynamic Guide to Success AuditING for Goodwill

audit

In Indonesia, the audit is conducted in accordance with the Standards on Auditing established by the Indonesian Institute of Certified Public Accountants (IAPI). In accounting, goodwill refers to the intangible non-current asset that arises from the business combination when the amount paid for acquiring a company is more than the fair value of net identifiable … Read more

Achieving Compliance: Navigating KPPK Reporting for Corporate Foreign Debt

BASED ON THE ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE RELATED TO CORPORATE FOREIGN DEBT A report on the Implementation of Prudential Principles (KPPK) based on the Attestation Procedure must be submitted no later than June 30, 2022. This deadline applies to entities using a financial year from January 1 to December 31, 2021. This deadline is following the Bank’s … Read more

Driving Business Success: Navigating the Investment Activity Report (LKPM)

The deadline for submitting the Investment Activity Report (LKPM) is 10 July 2022, both for Semester I LKPM for Small Business Actors or Quarter II LKPM for Medium and Large Business Actors. It is a report on the progress of investment realization and problems faced by business actors that must be prepared and submitted periodically … Read more

Loyalty Enhancement: Unleashing the Benefits of IPO for Companies

An initial Public Offering (IPO) is a process executed by the management of the company to list its shares on the stock exchange. The company’s shares can be traded to the public through IPO execution. The entry of new shareholders into the company automatically increases the company’s capital which can be utilized for various purposes. … Read more